defining "griefing"
I define griefing as blowing shit up just for fun, even though you aren't actually in need of the resources or have any reasonable beef with the person. If you have some good reason to seek retribution, or if it's legitimately profitable for you to do it (not spending a week to blow up a day's worth of work for some stranger just to annoy them), then I don't think it's within the realm of game rules to outlaw it (as in banning players). Although in-game law may still come after you.
phantom guards
That phantom mechanism sounds a bit clunky, but yes I was thinking there could maybe be additional non-player-associated automatons send by the empire to help keep peace. Like an extra 1 of them per 4 players or thereabouts. They don't take directions from anybody for personal work like the other ones do, and hang around nearish spawns, responding to reinforcement requests from other automatons.
* Significantly increases site security
* Doesn't do anything to make abandoned sites any more secure, because somebody has to call in the reinforcements
* Creates a nice scaffolding system for players, who can hang near spawn with quick response times until they're ready for more risk/reward further out.
The "security by obscurity" thing you mention is also a great point. The game should only give clients the data they need to display what they can see currently (plus a few extra meters buffer so you don't get glitches when you dig anything). If you want to find well hidden bases, you have to actually go stalk people and stuff, and they can guard themselves against that if they are so inclined. This shouldn't be the only viable strategy, but is another route you can take if you want to save resources on defenses by just trying to hide instead. Sort of like taking on some extra risk for a higher profit margin.
And yes the turret defenses and things in your base are also key. Your automaton is mildly intelligent. It can do things like help direct the aiming of cannons and coordinate defenses. And somebody with an established industrial facility can majorly out-build these things compared to nomadic griefers. So in an attended facility, you can build maybe 5 "turrets" (or whatever) for every 1 a nomad might manage. And your might be twice as effective if coordinated by an automaton, so you can match 10 attackers pound for pound long term without getting worn down. Whereas an unattended facility the attackers actually have an advantage, or it's more 1:1
Are you trying to engineer failure?
People play all sorts of games with their real life names attached and full accountability. Casinos aren't exactly unpopular... Nothing's stopping you there from falsely accusing the guy at the poker table of some crime if you get pissed off. Somehow society (nor casinos) crumble under "media shitstorms" from this sort of event. Keep in mind, the accusor would also not be anonymous, and could be sued for slander, etc. if need be. There are alsready also many competitive facebook games, etc. with people's real names. And as mentioned, this is popular in internet commenting systems for news articles too -- it significantly reduces people being dicks in comments, and it does not in practice stop many people from signing up. I think you significantly overestimate people's indignity and/or the novelty of this approach.
However, that said, your actual legal name is definitely an extreme version of that idea anyway. I think it would still be quite effective even for just your
account name to have history publicly posted for the game. Especially if you make the history nice and machine-readable, and let server owners set up custom auto background checks by default to screen people based on their previous in game history.
e.g. statistics like
"estimated ratios of resources mined vs. traded vs. donated vs. broken vs. stolen"
"number of different servers explicitly banned from"
"number of players killed per 24 hours of play time"
and so on.
Possibly only for the last 2 months of paid account time or whatever equivalent.