It's important to look at what makes civilization occur(and how you define civilization); we have plenty of examples of human cultured in various forms of civilization. granted civilization should mean the building of cities or villages, the primary factors would be a race's willingness to live together in large groups and close quarters, and the race's capability with invention or adoption of technology. Considering how world gen goes, a desire to expand and settle into a large kingdom or empire should also be a factor.
The question is, what races exhibit these three characteristics? Dwarfs for certain, humans historically, elfs barely meet the last requirement, and seem to get a pass on the second.
From the Biology perspective civilization like comes from a certain type of food scarcity (meaning you have to leave the social group in order to stay reasonably well fed,) with display-fights between neighboring groups. In this case raiding groups to pick off members of the other group are an effective tactic to guarantee dominance. Then the whole smarts thing can take off because instead of other things in your environment being the limiting factor on how smart you need to be it switches to members of your own species being the most important threat to your well being and a lot of the base group mechanics are already in place so soon you can't afford to forgo society, particularly based on the level of society of your neighbors.
I'm not really sure if that's simple enough for other people to follow along with or not anymore. I can barely tell that cell-type vocabulary isn't common knowledge after having been in it so long :/
Are there any fantasy creatures/races that form 30ish member groups but never societies? I picture satyrs possibly running around in small packs for more elaborate pranks and things but they're the closest I can think of and they're already half-human.
yeah, that's true, but in the context of DF a civilization is an entity that builds towns and cities and claims territory (never mind that the territory claims mean nothing when it comes to a player building a fortress... you could build your fort on top of the human or elf capital with no repercussions if you're not at war with them...)
The smaller groups work would work as nomadic civilizations (thinking animal people) but I understand there isn't really anything like that yet.
Like I said, it depends on how you're defining civilization for the purpose of the conversation.
Speaking of my little side note above, and granted it's a bit further into the fortress future than the next release,
will other civilizations ever eventually react to you building a fort within their geopolitical boundaries? I'd like to think there will eventually be repercussions if a group of dwarfs just started digging in in the middle of human territories, especially if they are digging up all sorts of valuable minerals and gems that technically belong to the humans... I'd like to see something like the humans annexing your fortress by defeating your military, allowing you to continue running it, but swapping your parent civ to human and stationing NPC human guards. maybe you could even rebel against the humans and kill their guards by training and arming new troops in secret... That'll need some pretty sophisticated AI on the human guards, though, and some way you keep you from dealing with the human guards like caravans and nobles currently can be dealt with... Or maybe not