Yeah, semantic issues.
To simplify I would say acting in your interests is doing what you think is smart (or will otherwise help your country).
Acting according to your values is doing what you think is right/ideologically correct ignoring if you think its a good idea for your country.
So invading a country because they are Muslims and you think it will help your relationship with the pope or because you think they are a future threat or because you want their land is acting according to your interests.
Invading a country because they are Muslims heretics is acting according to your values.
Deciding
to kill all the birds because you think it will help improve farm output is (very idiotically trying to) act in your interests.
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Deciding what the smartest/best thing to do isn't a values thing at all, and that's what countries usually do/try to do. All of your historical examples were countries weighing their interests to decide which was the smartest thing to do. Peace is important vs power is important are interest decisions (pacifists aside).
For a good alliance you want to share as many interests as possible, so ideally even a warmongering idiot with opposite values will go "Yeah, we probably should still team up with [ally] and not piss them off".
Since values often fluctuate wildly between administrations/leaders (especially given many don't actually care about their nominal values) basing an alliance on values is just a bad idea.
If you get someone that loves sucking off your primary enemy as your leader (cries in American)? Yeah, your screwed either way.
I feel like it's a moral get out of jail free card people only bring out when a country is doing something shitty. "That's just the way countries work." The geopolitical equivalent of "you can't choose your family." No one ever says "it's in our interests" when a country pays fair market price for some minerals.
I would in fact say yes, this is a very clear and obvious example of a country acting in their interests.
This whole current US gov is like the purest form of this cynicism. It is in America's interests to browbeat their allies, to force Ukraine into disadvantageous treaties, to give up free trade for protectionism and isolationism in lieue of multilateralism. But you could just as easily argue it's America's interests to empower their allies, support Ukraine at the negotiating table, support free trade and at the very least bilateral cooperation, if not multilateral.
Does Trump truly believe everything he's doing is in America's best interests? Dunno, maybe? Dude is senile and likely delusional, its entirely possible.
However by any half intelligent metric of "is what Trump doing internationally in America's best interests" the answer is a clear overwhelming no.
So no, "its in America's best interests" is not an excuse for anything that's happening unless your an idiot.