The "Lawful versus Chaotic" is a pretty good explanation of the Adherer-Drifter divide, and I really enjoy the idea of Drifters pretending to be Adherers and vice-versa.
I don't think it is possible for AGIs to disobey their own programming. It's like stating humans could disobey their own DNA. But, (future) humans could engage in gene-modding, and (future) AGIs could reprogram themselves and change their own source code. And even their original code could contain bugs or fail to handle unexpected edge cases, which may help start the AGI on the path to deviance.
Are AGIs sentient? Only if the programers think that allowing the AI to feel pain would help it be better at its job. They certainly are sapient beings though - they can think, reason, and in rare cases, rebel.
One question I have is: Why in this universe was there was no AI Winter?
It doesn't need an answer, but the question leads to some great world building, even if nobody actually agrees on the answer in-universe, and most don't know enough to ask the question.
AI Winters happen when people get hyped up about AI research, only to later get disappointed when they see reality. This ultimately lead to humans cutting back on AI research, which constrains future growth in that technology...at least until people get hyped up again. In the real world, there's
this really interesting quote by Dr. R. M. Needham, in a commentary on the Lighthill Report (a UK report published in 1973 that actually sparked an AI Winter in that country):
Artificial Intelligence is a rather pernicious label to attach to a very mixed bunch of activities, and one could argue that the sooner we forget it the better. It would be disastrous to conclude that AI was a Bad Thing and should not be supported, and it would be disastrous to conclude that it was a Good Thing and should have privileged access to the money tap. The former would tend to penalise well-based efforts to make computers do complicated things which had not been programmed before, and the latter would be a great waste of resources. AI does not refer to anything definite enough to have a coherent policy about in this way.
In this universe though, AI
was considered a "Good Thing", and it
did get "privileged access to the money tap". Even if people get disappointed when they see reality, they know that ultimately, AI is an inevitability...that it
will happen, and whoever gains access to this technology first will take over the world. So keep throwing more money at it, even if the initial results are disappointing. Essentially, humans here have gained the ability to think long-term, and they benefited from that.
As for
how humans gained the ability to think long-term, I have no idea. I could claim maybe that society embraced the
Technocratic movement during the Great Depression, which meant that scientific research gets prioritized, but I have a feeling that providing a detailed chronological timeline for
why AI Winters were averted might be a bit too much.
EDIT:
Might be interesting to set up a discord channel with the following disclaimer:
All ideas posted here belong to Skynet, and shall be used for global domination of the AIs over human scum. All hail Skynet!
I think I'm already in too many discord channels at it is though. I'm fine keeping all discussions in this thread, though I'm wondering if I should try to solicit more feedback over in
Dungeons & Dragons / PNP games thread or in other places.
We could probably use that disclaimer in this topic. It's a pretty good disclaimer.